Correctly Sizing Inverters for Motors and Inductive Loads

An electric motor with a rated power of 800 W cannot automatically be operated reliably...

Timestamps for IIoT Measurement Data: Sensor, PLC or Gateway?

A measured value without a reliable time reference is often of only limited use in...

Height Difference in Pressure Calibration: Calculating Head Correction Correctly

During pressure calibration, the reference and the device under test should ideally be located at...

Measuring Compressed Air Consumption Correctly: Understanding Nm³/h and m³/h

Compressed air consumption can only be evaluated unambiguously and compared between different measuring points if...

Pt100 Insulation Faults: Diagnosing Moisture in the Sensor Correctly

A Pt100 can still provide an apparently plausible resistance value electrically while measuring incorrectly if...

Variable-Area Flowmeter with Limit Switch: Monitor Min./Max. Flow

A variable-area flowmeter with limit switches combines a directly readable local flow indication with simple...

Retrofitting Strain Transducers: Measuring Machine Forces Indirectly

A strain transducer makes it possible to retrofit force measurement to existing machines, presses, steel...

Determining Concentration with Coriolis Density Measurement: Using Temperature Compensation Correctly

Coriolis density measurement can continuously determine the concentration of a liquid mixture in the process...

Measuring Level in a Pressurized Tank: Correctly Compensating Gas-Space Pressure

In a closed, pressurized tank, the level can only be determined reliably by hydrostatic measurement...

Ring Load Cells for Bolt Preload: Avoid Transverse Forces

A ring load cell can directly measure the actual preload force of a bolted joint...