Bargraph Display for Process Values: Correctly Configuring Limits, Hysteresis and Colour Switching
The pressure transmitter provides a stable 4–20 mA signal, but the bargraph display in the...
SIPART PS2 Valve Positioner Oscillates: Check Control Valve Friction, Actuator and Controller Parameters
The control valve is supposed to remain constantly at, for example, 45 %. The SIPART...
Monitoring Alternative Insulating Gases: Why SF₆ Density Monitoring Devices Are Not Automatically Suitable for Gas Mixtures
An existing SF₆ switchgear installation is being expanded with a new generation of gas-insulated switchgear....
Isolation Transformer or Autotransformer: Correctly Distinguishing Safety, Galvanic Isolation and Power
A variable AC voltage is required in the laboratory. A variable autotransformer, for example, provides...
Measuring Conductivity Correctly: Select the Right Cell Constant and Temperature Compensation for the Medium
A conductivity sensor indicates 850 µS/cm even though a reference measurement shows only around 85...
Cloud Connection Fails: Design Edge Alarms and Local Data Buffering for Reliable Operation
The pressure monitoring system of a plant operates reliably for months. Measured values are automatically...
Checking a Radiation Measuring Instrument Before Use: Battery Test, Check Source and Background Check
The radiation measuring instrument has a valid calibration certificate and has been stored properly since...
Checking Hydrogen Quality Downstream of the Electrolyzer: Correctly Monitoring Moisture, Oxygen and Purity
The electrolyzer is producing hydrogen, pressure and flow are within the intended range, and the...
How to Perform a Hydrant Test Correctly: Evaluate Static Pressure, Flow Pressure and Available Water Flow
A hydrant may show what appears to be a good pressure of, for example, 5...
Block-and-Bleed Valve on a Pressure Transmitter: Isolate, Vent and Test Without Process Errors
A pressure transmitter needs to be checked while the plant remains in operation. The block...