Process Transmitters in Hazardous Areas: Using ATEX, HART and 4–20 mA Safely
Process transmitters in chemical plants, tank farms, refineries and other hazardous areas must fulfil more...
Using Flexible Current Sensors: Rogowski Coils for High Currents and Confined Spaces
In industrial control cabinets, main distribution boards and energy systems, currents often have to be...
Temperature Data Loggers with Pt100 or Thermocouples: Selecting the Correct Probe
When selecting a temperature data logger, many users initially focus on memory capacity, measuring channels,...
Digital Pressure Gauge as a Reference: Selecting Accuracy, Resolution and Measuring Range Correctly
Digital pressure gauges are frequently used as reference instruments in servicing, maintenance, test benches and...
Pressure Sensor for Vacuum: Negative Pressure, Absolute Pressure and Bidirectional Ranges
In vacuum systems, packaging machines, suction grippers and pumps, a pressure sensor for “vacuum” or...
Measuring Load Profiles: Analysing Energy Consumption, Peak Load and Base Load
A company’s electricity meter shows how much electrical energy has been consumed in total. However,...
Measuring Speed and Torque: Calculating Power Correctly on a Test Bench
The mechanical power of a motor, gearbox, pump or driven machine cannot be determined from...
Hydraulic Oil Sampling with MINIMESS: Detecting Oil Condition and Wear
The condition of the hydraulic oil directly affects the reliability of pumps, valves, cylinders and...
Hydrogen Temperature Measurement: Sensors for H₂ Compression and Cryogenic Applications
Temperature is a key process and safety variable in hydrogen systems. It influences gas density,...
Electromagnetic Flowmeter Output Signals: Selecting 4–20 mA, Pulse, Modbus and PROFINET Correctly
Electromagnetic flowmeters can provide considerably more information than the current volume flow alone. Depending on...