Emptying an SF₆ filling hose after filling: consider hose volume, residual gas and gas recovery
An SF₆ switchgear system has been filled to the specified gas condition, the filling pressure...
Conductivity sensor shows drift: systematically check electrode deposits, polarisation and cleaning
A conductivity sensor has been commissioned correctly, the cell constant is set and initially the...
Measuring the thermal mass flow of hydrogen with changing purity: consider gas composition as a measurement error
A thermal mass flow meter shows stable values in a hydrogen system over a long...
Installing a SITRANS clamp-on sensor on coated pipes: consider paint, wall thickness and coupling point
Clamp-on ultrasonic measurement is particularly suitable for existing pipelines because the sensors are mounted externally...
Installing the flexible capillary on a Dynisco sensor: observe bend radius, strain relief and clearance from heater bands
Installing a melt pressure sensor with a flexible capillary initially appears straightforward: the rigid sensor...
Sizing Edge Buffer Storage: Calculate Offline Duration, Data Rate and Storage Reserve
An IIoT application runs reliably for weeks. Sensors and controllers send their measured values to...
Correctly sizing the burden of a current transformer: consider VA rating, cable length and measuring device input
A current transformer has been selected to match the primary current, the transformation ratio is...
Positioning a leakage current clamp correctly: measure a single conductor, all active conductors or the protective conductor?
A leakage current clamp is placed around a conductor and shows 6.8 A. Is this...
Bump test with incorrect gas flow: checking adapter tightness, flow rate and response time correctly
A portable gas detector is exposed to test gas before use. The cylinder contains the...
Using the Coriolis density value as a quality indicator: distinguishing process changes from gas bubbles
A Coriolis flow meter continuously monitors a liquid production stream. The mass flow initially appears...