Category Archives: Beitrag
MQTT QoS 0, 1 or 2 for measurement data: balancing delivery reliability and data volume
A sensor transmits its measured value to a broker via MQTT every second. Under normal...
Diffusion or Pump Gas Detector: Choosing the Right Sampling Time, Hose Length and Operating Mode
The available multi-gas detector has suitable sensors. Can the device simply be switched on at...
Measuring PV I-V Curves: Detecting Shading, Mismatch and Defective Modules Using I-V Curves
According to the data sheet, a PV string has an open-circuit voltage of approximately 850...
Pressure Calibration Pump Does Not Generate Stable Pressure: Systematically Check Valves, Check-Valve Function and Seals
A hand-operated test pump is pressurized to 10 bar, the fine adjustment valve is no...
Radar Level Measurement with a Low Dielectric Constant: Correctly Assessing Echo Reserve and Antenna Selection
Radar level sensors operate without contact and are therefore an attractive solution for many tanks...
Operating Pressure Switches with Inductive Loads: Correctly Planning Contact Loading, Arc Suppression and Interposing Relays
A pressure switch is intended to switch a solenoid valve, contactor or relay when the...
Selecting a Conductive Level Switch: Considering Minimum Conductivity, Electrode Spacing and Build-up
Conductive level switches are a simple and robust solution for detecting water and other electrically...
Ultrasonic Measurement in a V, Z or W Path: Choosing the Right Sound Path for the Pipe Diameter and Medium
In clamp-on ultrasonic measurement, the sensors are attached to the outside of the pipe. The...
Protecting a Pressure Measuring Point Against Overpressure: Correctly Sizing the Overpressure Protector, Measuring Range and Safety Margin
A pressure measuring point operates reliably at 6 bar under normal conditions. However, when the...
Dry-Block Calibrator with the Wrong Insert: Air Gap, Immersion Depth and Axial Uniformity as Sources of Error
A dry-block calibrator can control temperature very stably and still produce an incorrect calibration result....