Water and Wastewater
Photo by Patrick Federi on Unsplash
Water and wastewater are fundamental aspects of urban infrastructure, encompassing both the supply of clean water to the community and the efficient, environmentally friendly treatment of wastewater. In municipal water supply, various technologies are employed to extract raw water from natural sources and then treat it to become drinking water or utility water. The entire process involves several steps: the extraction of raw water, its treatment, storage, and finally, distribution to consumers.
Precise measuring instruments are required for the monitoring and control of these processes. These include pressure measuring devices used at various stages of water extraction and distribution, as well as thermometers and level probes for temperature and level monitoring. These instruments are essential to ensure the efficiency and safety of the water supply.
In municipal wastewater treatment, similar measuring instruments are used to monitor and control a multitude of processes. This includes treatment in overflow and rainwater retention basins, aeration, sedimentation and settling basins, as well as other facilities such as screening plants, filter presses, and digestion towers. Accurate monitoring of these processes is crucial for reducing environmental impact and complying with legal regulations.
In industrial wastewater treatment, the requirements are often even more specific, driven by regulatory mandates such as the IPPC Directive, which demands the use of the best available techniques (BAT) to optimize wastewater discharge. The use of cutting-edge measuring technology in wastewater treatment plants allows industrial companies to efficiently monitor and optimize their processes, ensuring compliance with these requirements.
Application examples in both municipal and industrial water treatment include level measurement in wells, high/low reservoirs, and open waters, monitoring of filters, operation of pumping stations and pressure boosting systems, and network pressure monitoring. These applications demonstrate the diversity and crucial role of precise measuring instruments in maintaining a safe and efficient water and wastewater supply.
- Safety version with solid baffle wall designed in compliance with the requirements and test conditions of EN 837-1
- Excellent load-cycle stability and shock resistance
- Completely from stainless steel
- Scale ranges from 0 … 0.6 to 0 … 1,600 bar
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- Lateral installation in the tank
- Operating limits:- Operating temperature: T = -40 ... +120 °C- Operating pressure: P = 5 bar - Limit density: ρ ≥800 kg/m3
- Plastic and stainless steel versions
- Space-saving installation
- Switch consists of only one component
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- Manual pressure generation of -0.85 … +25 bar [12.3 ... +360 psi]
- Accuracy: 0.025 % FS (incl. calibration certificate)
- Generation/measurement of 0 ... 24 mA and voltage supply DC 24 V
- Data logger with high measuring rate and large memory
- Intrinsically safe version
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- Case aluminium, epoxy resin coated
- Ingress protection IP 65, NEMA 4
- Ambient temperature -40 ... +85 °C
- 1 switch point, SPDT or DPDT with a high contact rating of up to 15 A / AC 220 V
- Capillary up to 10 m
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- Completely round, no corners and edges
- For direct installation between two flanges
- Wide choice of special materials
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- No power supply needed for switching of electrical loads
- Robust switch enclosure from 316L, IP66/NEMA 4X
- Setting ranges from 0 ... 25 mbar abs. up to 0 ... 1.5 bar abs.
- Intrinsic safety Ex ia available
- 1 or 2 independent set points, SPDT or DPDT, high switching power up to AC 250 V, 20 A
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- No power supply needed for switching of electrical loads
- Robust switch enclosure from stainless steel 316L, IP66, NEMA 4X
- Setting ranges from 0 ... 16 mbar to 0 ... 40 bar with high static and high one-sided pressure up to 160 bar
- Intrinsic safety Ex ia available
- 1 or 2 independent set points, SPDT or DPDT, high switching power up to AC 250 V, 20 A
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- Multi-functional display
- Simple menu navigation
- Conductive plastic case
- Large LC display, rotatable
- Approvals for hazardous areas
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- Precise and reliable
- Integrated temperature measurement (option)
- Design out of Hastelloy® and FEP cable for especially high resistance (option)
- Ingress protection IP68 permanently up to 300 m water column
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- Very good vibration and shock resistance
- Robust design
- Scale ranges to 0 ... 400 bar or 0 ... 6,000 psi
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- Case aluminium, epoxy resin coated
- Ingress protection IP 65, NEMA 4
- Ambient temperature -40 ... +85 °C
- 1 switch point, SPDT or DPDT with a high contact rating of up to 15 A/AC 220 V
- Capillary up to 10 m
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- No configuration necessary due to “plug-and-play”
- Scale ranges from 0 … 25 mbar absolute pressure
- Easy-to-read analogue display with nominal sizes 100 and 160
- High overload safety, long service life due to metallic media chamber sealing
- Media chamber protected against unauthorised access
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- Differential pressure measuring ranges from 0 … 60 mbar
- High working pressure (static pressure) and high overload safety, selectable up to 40, 100, 250 or 400 bar
- Measuring cell liquid dampening against rapid pressure changes
- Instruments with inductive contacts for use in hazardous areas
- Instruments with switch contact for PLC applications
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- Compact design, no moving components
- Temperature ranges from -30 … +135 °C
- Versions for pressure ranges from vacuum to 50 bar
- Mounting position as required
- Visual indication of the switching status
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- High overload safety, optionally up to 40, 100 or 400 bar, due to the metallic pressure element limit stop, without liquid-filled measuring cell
- Wide choice of special materials
- Also available with liquid-filled case for high dynamic pressure loads or vibrations
- Instruments with inductive contacts for use in hazardous areas
- Instruments with switch contact for PLC applications
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- No power supply needed for switching of electrical loads
- Setting ranges from -30 ... +70°C up to 0 ... 600 °C
- Robust switch enclosure from aluminium alloy, IP 66, NEMA 4X
- 1 or 2 independent set points, SPDT or DPDT, high switching power up to AC 250 V, 20 A
- Remote mounting with capillary ≤ 10 m
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- Versions for Pt100 / Pt1000 or thermocouples
- Output 0 ... 10 V, 3-wire (T91.10) or 4 ... 20 mA, 2-wire (T91.20)
- Error signalling in the event of sensor break
- High accuracy
- Compact and value for money
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- Suitable for measurements in contaminated and aggressive media
- An optimised discharge behaviour and a large pressure port prevent the instrument from clogging and ensure a
minimum maintenance effort - Can be used in explosion-protected areas
- Developed for wireless applications
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- Simple mounting of the illumination system
- Illumination types available for different applications
- Operating temperature: depending on illumination method
- Matching to the respective length of the glass indicator
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- Double-diaphragm system to ensure the separation of the process and the pressure measuring instrument
- Process connection with thread to provide for direct threaded connection
- All welded version with internal diaphragm
- System from Monel
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- Process- and procedure-specific production
- Operating limits: - Operating temperature: T = -196 ... +450 °C - Operating pressure: P = Vacuum up to 400 bar
- Wide variety of different process connections and materials
- Mounting of level sensors and guided wave radars possible as an option
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- Flange with flush welded diaphragm
- Common standards and nominal widths available
- Wide variety of different materials and material combinations
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- No configuration necessary due to “plug-and-play”
- Measuring ranges of up to 0 ... 1,000 bar or 0 ... 15,000 psi
- Easy-to-read analogue indication with nominal size 63
- Safety version with solid baffle wall (Solidfront) designed in compliance with the requirements of EN 837-1 and ASME B40.100
- Patents and property rights, e.g. US 8030990, DE 112007000980, CN 101438333
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- Differential pressure measuring ranges from -1 … +30 bar [-14.5 ... 435 psi] to 0 ... 40 bar [0 ... 580 psi]
- High working pressure (static pressure) and high overload safety, selectable 40 bar [580 psi], 100 bar [1,450 psi], 250 bar [3,625 psi], 400 bar [5,800 psi] and 650 bar [9,425 psi]
- The transmission fluid in the measuring chamber dampens the indicator in case of high changes of the rate of pressure
- Model 73x.14: Stainless steel version
- Model 76x.14: Version with special materials
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- Process connection with thread for direct threaded connection
- Version with internal diaphragm
- Diaphragm seal parts screwed together
- Universal application
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- No power supply needed for switching of electrical loads
- Setting ranges from -15 ... +20 °C to 180 ... 250 °C
- Repeatability of the set point ≤ 1% span
- 1 set point, SPDT, high switching power up to AC 250 V, 5 A
- Direct mounting or remote mounting with capillary ≤ 10 m
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- No power supply needed for switching of electrical loads
- Robust switch enclosure from 316L, IP 66, NEMA 4X
- Setting ranges from 0 ... 2.5 bar up to 0 ... 1,000 bar, vacuum ranges
- Ex ia version available
- 1 or 2 independent set points, SPDT or DPDT, high switching power up to AC 250 V, 20 A
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- No power supply needed for switching of electrical loads
- Robust switch enclosure from aluminium alloy, IP66, NEMA 4X
- Setting ranges from 0 ... 16 mbar to 0 ... 40 bar with high static and high one-sided pressure up to 160 bar
- Repeatability: ≤ 1 % of span
- 1 or 2 independent set points, SPDT or DPDT, high switching power up to AC 250 V, 20 A
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- Electropolished case
- Ingress protection IP 65, NEMA 4
- Ambient temperature -40 ... +85 °C
- 1 or 2 independent switch points, high contact rating up to 15 A / AC 220 V
- Directly connected or via capillary (up to 10 m capillary)
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- Case from AISI 316 (1.4401)
- Ingress protection IP 66, NEMA 4
- Ambient temperature -40 ... +85 °C
- 1 switch point, SPDT, up to 5 A/AC 220 V
- Directly connected or via capillary (up to 10 m capillary
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- Safety pressure gauge with solid baffle wall designed in compliance with the requirements and test conditions of EN 837-1
- Completely from stainless steel
- Knife edge pointer for optimal accuracy of reading
- Wear-resistant precision movement from stainless steel
- Scale ranges from 0 … 0.6 to 0 … 1,600 bar [0 ... 10 psi to 0 ... 20,000 psi]
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- Installation of head-mounted transmitters in the connection housing possible
- Wide variety of different electrical connections, process connections, materials and contact separations
- Programmable and configurable head-mounted transmitters for 4 ... 20 mA, HART®, PROFIBUS® PA or FOUNDATION™ Fieldbus field signals
- Explosion-protected versions
- Temperature ranges from -100 … +350 °C
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- High overload safety up to 50 x full scale value
- High reliability and long service life
- Up to 4 switch contacts per instrument
- Instruments with inductive contacts for use in hazardous areas
- Instruments with switch contact for PLC applications
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- Fully welded mounting ring to prevent water ingress into the control panel (ingress protection IP66)
- All stainless steel construction
- Optionally as safety version "S3" per EN 837-1
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- No power supply needed for switching of electrical loads
- Robust switch enclosure from aluminium, IP66, NEMA 4X
- Setting ranges from 0 ... 25 mbar abs. to 0 ... 1.5 bar abs.
- Repeatability: ≤ 1 % of span
- 1 or 2 independent set points, SPDT or DPDT, high switching power up to AC 250 V, 20 A
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- Accuracy up to 0.025 % IS-50
- Measuring range from -1 ... +400 bar (-15 ... +6,000 psi)
- Output mode 250 Hz (4 ms) response time
- Streaming output mode in IEEE-754 format
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- Large range of application due to the simple, proven functional principle
- For harsh operating conditions, long service life
- Operating limits: - Operating temperature: T = -120 ... +350 °C - Operating pressure: P = Vacuum to 232 bar - Limit density: ρ ≥ 500 kg/m3
- Stainless steel and plastic versions
- Explosion-protected versions
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- Excellent load-cycle stability and shock resistance
- All stainless steel construction
- German Lloyd approva
- Scale ranges up to 0 … 1,600 bar
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- TÜV zertifizierte SIL-Version für Schutzeinrichtungen entwickelt nach IEC 61508 (Option)
- Einsatz in Sicherheitsanwendungen bis SIL 2 (einzelnes Gerät) und SIL 3 (redundante Verschaltung)
- Konfigurierbar mit nahezu jedem offenen Soft- und Hardwaretool
- Universell für den Anschluss von 1 oder 2 Sensoren - Widerstandsthermometer, Widerstandssensor - Thermoelement, mV-Sensor - Potentiometer
- Signalisierung gemäß NAMUR NE43, Sensorbruchüberwachung gemäß NE89, EMV gemäß NE21
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- Case and wetted parts from stainless steel
- Wide choice of special materials
- High overload safety up to the 10-fold full scale value
- Process connection thread or open flange
- Scale ranges from 0 … 16 mbar
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- High overload safety
- Long service life due to metal media chamber sealing and the extremely gas-tight material of the reference chamber
- Instruments compatible with switch contacts
- Scale ranges from 0 … 25 mbar absolute pressure
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- Suitable for liquid, gas and steam flow measurement
- Accuracy ≤ ±0.5 % of actual flow rate
- Repeatability of measurement 0.1 %
- Lowest pressure loss in the family of primary flow elements
- Calibration may be performed if required
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- Pressure ranges: from 0 ... 25 mbar up to 0 ... 2,890 bar [0 ... 0.36 up to 0 ... 42,000 psi]
- Accuracy down to 0.008 % of IS (IntelliScale)
- External pressure ranges from 25 mbar ... 1,000 bar [0.36 ... 15,015 psi]
- Precision 0.004 % FS
- Removable/interchangeable sensors
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- Zero point correction in front
- Completely from stainless steel
- With liquid-filled case for applications with high dynamic pressure loads and vibrations (model 633.50)
- Low scale ranges from 0 ... 2.5 mbar to 0 ... 600 mbar or 0 ... 1 inH2O to 0 ... 240 inH2O
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- Process- and procedure-specific production
- Operating limits: - Operating temperature: -196 ... +374 °C 1) - Operating pressure: Vacuum to 250 bar 1)
- Wide variety of different process connections and materials
- Illumination optional
- Heating and/or insulation optional
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- Very good vibration and shock resistance
- Especially robust design
- Type approval for the shipbuilding industry
- Scale ranges to 0 ... 1,000 bar or 0 ... 15,000 psi
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- For the connection of Pt100 and Pt1000 sensors in a 2-, 3- or 4-wire connection
- For the connection of reed chains in a potentiometer circuit
- Parameterisation with the WIKAsoft-TT configuration software and electrical connection via quick connector magWIK
- Connection terminals also accessible from the outside
- Accuracy < 0.2 K (< 0,36 °F) / 0.1 %
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- Large range of application due to the simple, proven functional principle
- For harsh operating conditions, long service life
- Operating limits: - Operating temperature: T = -50 ... +350 °C - Operating pressure: P = Vacuum up to 40 bar - Limit density: ρ ≥ 300 kg/m3
- Wide variety of different electrical connections, process connections and materials
- Explosion-protected versions
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- Transmission of process values to the control room (e.g. 4 ... 20 mA)
- Shatterproof window and robust aluminium or stainless steel measuring chamber for increased requirements
- Optionally with approvals for hazardous areas
- High ingress protection, IP65, for outdoor use and processes with high condensation
- Low measuring range from 0 ... 160 mbar
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- No power supply needed for switching of electrical loads
- Robust switch enclosure from aluminium alloy or stainless steel with identical dimensions, IP66, NEMA 4X
- Setting ranges from 0.2 ... 1.2 to 200 ... 1,000 bar, vacuum ranges
- Repeatability of the set point ≤ 1% of span
- 1 set point, SPDT or DPDT, high switching power up to AC 250 V, 15 A
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- Reliable and cost-effective
- Design per EN 837-1 or ASME B40.100
- Nominal size 40 [1 ½"], 50 [2"], 63 [2 ½"], 80 [3"], 100 [4"] and 160 [6"]
- Scale ranges to 0 ... 400 bar [0 ... 6,000 psi]
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- Suitable for all level measurements in hazardous areas
- Explosion protection in accordance with IECEx, ATEX and CSA
- Shipbuilding approval in accordance with GL
- Ingress protection IP68 up to 300 m immersion depth
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- Process connection with thread to provide for direct threaded connection
- Version with internal diaphragm
- Diaphragm seal parts all welded
- Universal application
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- Low-wear design due to non-rotating spindle tip in the bonnet
- Low torque and smooth operation of valve handle even at high pressure
- Enhanced safety due to blow-out proof bonnet design
- Customer-specific combination of valves and instruments (hook-up) on request
- Standardised centre distances of 37 mm and 54 mm, suitable for WIKA differential pressure gauges and commonly used process transmitters
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- Proper functioning, even under extreme environmental influences, e.g. dirt, humidity, gases, dust, chips
- Compact and operationally safe design
- Mounting of the switches at the magnetic display with T-slot or with tightening strap
- Process temperature of -60 ... +380 °C (depending on version)
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- Recording interval adjustable from 1 ms ... 10 s
- Measuring ranges from 0 … 25 mbar to 0 … 1,000 bar (0 ... 0.4 psi to 0 ... 14,500 psi)
- Accuracy: 0.2 %, optionally 0.1 % (incl. calibration certificate)
- No external voltage supply required
- Software for recording of the measured value, calibration and evaluation
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- For waste water, sewage and heavily soiled liquids
- Environmentally friendly, mercury- and lead-free
- PP housing
- High mechanical and electrical durability of micro-switch
- Suitable for use in hazardous areas Ex zone 0, 1 and 2
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- With one or two adjustable microswitches
- Shatterproof window and robust aluminium or stainless steel measuring chamber for increased requirements
- Optionally with approvals for hazardous areas
- High ingress protection, IP65, for outdoor use and processes with high condensation
- Low measuring range from 0 ... 250 mbar
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The great advantage of mechanical pressure switches is that no supply voltage is required for the switching process.
- Compact and slim design
- Robust switch enclosure from stainless steel 316, IP66, NEMA 4X
- Wide selection of setting ranges available, 1 … 2.5 bar to 200 … 1,000 bar
- Set point repeatability of ≤ 1 % for reliable switching
- High switching power and large selection of contact variants and electrical connections
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- High reliability and long service life
- Wide choice of special materials
- Up to 4 switch contacts per instrument
- Also available with liquid filling for high dynamic pressure loads or vibrations
- Instruments with inductive contacts for use in hazardous areas
- Instruments with contacts for PLC applications
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- Freely selectable switch position through fixing the float switch at the required level
- Large range of application due to the simple, proven functional principle
- For harsh operating conditions, long service life
- Operating limits: - Operating temperature: T = -30 ... +150 °C - Operating pressure: P = Vacuum up to 40 bar - Limit density: ρ ≥600 kg/m3
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- Process connection with thread to provide for direct threaded connection
- Version with internal diaphragm
- Diaphragm seal parts all welded
- Universal application
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- No power supply needed for switching of electrical loads
- Robust switch enclosure from aluminium, IP 66, NEMA 4X
- Setting ranges from 0 ... 2.5 bar up to 0 ... 1,000 bar, vacuum ranges
- Repeatability of the set point ≤ 0.5% of span
- 1 or 2 independent set points, SPDT or DPDT, high switching power up to AC 250 V, 20 A
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- No configuration necessary due to "plug-and-play"
- Signal transmission per NAMUR
- Measuring ranges 0 ... 0.6 bar to 0 ... 1,600 bar
- Easy-to-read analogue display with nominal size 100 or 160
- Safety version S3 per EN 837
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- Sensor ranges from -196 ... +600 °C [-320 ... +1.112 °F]
- Made of mineral-insulated sheathed cable
- Functional safety (SIL) with model T32 temperature transmitter
- Spring-loaded design
- Explosion-protected versions are available for many approval types (see data sheet page 2)
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- High working pressure (static pressure) and high overload safety, selectable up to 40, 100, 250 or 400 bar
- Measuring cell liquid dampening against rapid pressure changes
- No configuration necessary due to "plug-and-play"
- Differential pressure measuring ranges from 0 … 60 mbar
- Individual, non-linear characteristic curves (e.g. x2 or √x for flow measurement)
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- Accuracy up to 0.01 % IS-50
- Measuring range from -1 ... 400 bar (-15 ... 6,000 psi)
- RS-232 or RS-485 interface
- Compact design
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- Process- and procedure-specific production
- Operating limits: - Operating temperature: T = -60 ... +300 °C - Operating pressure: P = Vacuum to 40 bar
- Wide variety of different process connections
- Mounting of level sensors and magnetic switches possible as an option
- Explosion-protected versions
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- High-quality machining guarantees smooth operation with low torque and low wear
- Leak-tested tightness in accordance with BS6755 / ISO 5208 leakage rate A
- Large selection of materials and configurations available
- Customer-specific combination of valves and instruments (hook-up) on request
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- Shatterproof window and robust aluminium or stainless steel measuring chamber for increased requirements
- Low scale ranges from 0 ... 160 mbar
- High accuracy down to 1.6 %
- Optionally with approvals for hazardous areas
- Helium leak tested
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- Process connection with thread for direct threaded connection
- Version with internal diaphragm
- Diaphragm seal parts screwed together
- Universal application
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- Precisely adjustable dual-area spindle pump for filling, pressure generation and fine adjustment of pressure
- Freely rotating test connections (i.e. measuring instruments can be orientated)
- Proven technology of the model CPB3800 pressure balance
- Compact dimensions
- Low weight
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- Application ranges from -50 ... +250 °C [-58 ... +482 °F]
- Tubular design
- Spring-loaded design
- Explosion-protected versions are available for many approval types (see data sheet page 2)
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